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Priority question for written answer  P-001671/2025
to the Commission
Rule 144
Borja Giménez Larraz (PPE), Esther Herranz García (PPE)

In June 2024, the Turkish Government introduced a tariff of USD 85-87 on each tonne of imported corrugated paper. For European companies that operate in Türkiye, this constitutes a 20-25 % increase in costs, making it impossible to compete. Meanwhile, the supply of Turkish paper far outweighs national demand. Local industry has funnelled large investments into new factories – a large part of their production is exported to the EU, where EU companies cannot compete on a level playing field.

According to Eurostat, in 2023 alone, Türkiye exported 71 000 tonnes of corrugated paper to the EU as well as 126 000 tonnes of paper made from recycled fibre, with Germany, Hungary and Poland being the main destination countries. Against a backdrop of increasing global trade tensions, the EU should protect its manufacturers in the face of practices that distort the market and undermine competitiveness.

In view of the above:

What action will the Commission take to ensure that Türkiye reduces or lifts the tariffs that are so damaging to European paper companies?

Submitted: 24.4.2025

Question for written answer  E-001421/2025/rev.1
to the Commission
Rule 144
Stéphanie Yon-Courtin (Renew), Veronika Cifrová Ostrihoňová (Renew), Aurore Lalucq (S&D), Pascal Arimont (PPE), Sandro Gozi (Renew), Cynthia Ní Mhurchú (Renew), Miriam Lexmann (PPE), Maria Grapini (S&D), Eero Heinäluoma (S&D), Nathalie Loiseau (Renew), Olivier Chastel (Renew), Grégory Allione (Renew), Christophe Grudler (Renew), Valérie Devaux (Renew), Nikola Minchev (Renew), Fabienne Keller (Renew), Engin Eroglu (Renew), Lucia Yar (Renew)

On 31 March 2025, TikTok expanded its e-commerce platform, TikTok Shop, to users in France, Germany and Italy[1], introducing a new one-click payment feature. Although it streamlines transactions, it raises concerns about its potential impact on minors and impulsive buying behaviour.

TikTok Shop has already been criticised for its strong appeal to young users. This simplified payment system could encourage excessive spending and potential debt among minors. Additionally, by making impulsive purchases even easier, this feature could contribute to increased attentional capture and addiction to digital platforms, especially among minors.

• 1.Does the Commission consider that these kinds of features should be assessed under the Digital Services Act, particularly regarding transparency and the protection of vulnerable consumers?
• 2.Does it plan to address such practices in the upcoming digital fairness act to ensure a fair and protective framework for European consumers?
• 3.Is the Commission planning to engage with TikTok to evaluate the impact of this feature and ensure its compliance with the EU’s digital single market rules?

Submitted: 8.4.2025

• [1] https://www.reuters.com/technology/tiktok-shop-steps-up-europe-expansion-with-us-future-unclear-2025-03-27/.

Question for written answer  E-001588/2025
to the Commission
Rule 144
Sergio Berlato (ECR)

In 2001, a study by the European Parliament’s Science and Technology Options Assessment (STOA) team, on health damage caused by electrosmog, recommended that scientists, governments, industry and the general public have access to decision-making processes and that an effective public information system be established with a view to preventing public mistrust and fear of new EMC technologies. A number of years later, on 31 May 2011, the World Health Organization reported in a press release that the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) had ‘[classified] radiofrequency electromagnetic fields as possibly carcinogenic to humans (Group 2B)’.

In recent years, the exponential growth in artificial electromagnetic sources, such as the use of electric public and private transport, the spread of 5G and Wi-Fi in every home and public area, has effectively increased and generated new ‘electromagnetic pollution’.

In the light of the above:

• 1.Does the Commission believe that it can harmonise EU legislation in the Member States using both its own parameters and up-to-date data, and with a focus on the cellular consequences for living beings to electromagnetic exposure?
• 2.Is the Commission considering assessing and informing the public of the impact of electromagnetic pollution on all ecosystems?
• 3.Lastly, does it believe that climate change and the green transition can be delivered by carrying out the requisite identification of parameters responsible for ‘biological damage’ and the severity thereof?

Submitted: 22.4.2025

Question for written answer  E-001611/2025
to the Commission
Rule 144
Pierre-Romain Thionnet (PfE)

Through the ASAP programme, the Commission has committed to increasing annual ammunition shell production capacity to 2 million by the end of 2025, in particular by ramping up the production of powders and explosives.

However, the Seveso III Directive imposes especially burdensome environmental and administrative constraints on industrial defence sites, which hinder the rapid creation or expansion of industrial capacities, as shown by the difficulties encountered by the French company Eurenco[1].

Meanwhile, the REACH Regulation significantly stalls the production of chemicals essential for powder manufacturing, because of the lengthy and costly registration procedures and lack of exemption mechanisms, both for defence manufacturers and their civil suppliers[2].

At a time when the Member States urgently need to be rearmed:

• 1.Will the Commission reduce or introduce derogations from the disproportionate burdens imposed by the Seveso III Directive on defence companies and suppliers of dual use chemicals?
• 2.Will it also introduce similar exemptions under the REACH Regulation for chemicals essential for the production of powders and ammunition, and facilitate and speed up the registration procedures for these substances with the European Chemicals Agency?

Submitted: 23.4.2025

• [1] https://www.euractiv.com/section/defence/interview/interview-blow-up-safety-rules-to-boost-defence-french-gunpowder-chief-says/
• [2] https://www.opex360.com/2023/02/18/economie-de-guerre-le-reglement-europeen-reach-risque-dentraver-la-montee-en-puissance-des-stocks-de-munitions/